Educations for Empowering

Community empowerment is a concept that summarizes the economic development of social values.
This concept reflects a new paradigm of development, namely that is "people-centered, participatory, empowering, and sustainable" (Chambers, 1995). This concept is broader than merely meet the basic needs (basic needs) or menyediakah mechanism to prevent further impoverishment process (safety net), whose thinking lately been developed as an effort to find alternative temadap concepts of growth in the past. This concept evolved from the efforts of many experts and practitioners to explore what is, among others, by Friedman (1992) called alternative development, which requires "inclusive democracy, Appropriate economic growth, gender equality and intergenerational equity". This concept does not polarize the growth with equity, because as said by Donald Brown (1995), they should not be assumed to be "incompatible. The concept is trying to extricate themselves from the trap of" zero-sum game "and" trade off '.
He starts from the view that the equity created a broader foundation for growth and that will ensure sustainable growth. Therefore, as said by Kirdar and Silk (1995), "the pattern of growth is just as Important as the rate of growth". Sought is as Ranis said, "the right kind of growth", ie not in the vertical produce "trickle-down", as it proved unsuccessful, but that is horizontal (horizontal flows), which is "broadly based, employment-intensive, and not compartmentalized "(Ranis, 1995). The results of the assessment of various projects undertaken oteh International Fund for Agriculture Development (I FAD) showed that support for production resulting in lower layers of society have given sucnbangan in greater growth than the same investment in sectors that larger scale. That growth is generated not only by a smaller fee, but with a smaller foreign exchange as well (Brown, 1995). This last point is of great significance for developing countries are experiencing shortages of foreign exchange and balance of payments position weakened.
Taiwan experience suggests that growth and equity can go hand in hand. Taiwan is one of the countries with the lowest levels of inequality in terms of various sizes (1987, Gini ratio 0.30, among the lowest in the world), but with high growth rates can be maintained by an ongoing basis (Brautigam, 1995). The concept is economic development that relies on the growth generated by the efforts of even distribution, with an emphasis on improving the quality of human resources. In the frame of mind, efforts to empower people, can be viewed from three sides. First, create an atmosphere or climate that allows the potential for developing community (enabling). Here the point of departure is the recognition that every human being, every society, has the potential to be developed. That is, no society is completely without power, because, in that case would have become extinct. Empowerment is an attempt to build a power that, by encouraging and motivating to its potential and strive to develop it. Secondly, strengthening the potential or power possessed by the people (empowerment). In this framework, measures are needed more positive, instead of just creating a climate and atmosphere. This includes strengthening the concrete steps, and the provision of various inputs (input), as well as opening access to the various opportunities (opportunities) that will make people become more empowered. In the framework of this empowerment, efforts are increasing the level of very basic education, and health status, and access to the sources of economic progress such as capital, technology, information, employment, and markets.
Put this form of empowerment involves the construction of basic facilities and physical good, such as irrigation, roads, lamp, as well as school, social and health care facilities, which are accessible by people on the bottom level, as well as the availability of funding agencies fembaga, pefatihan, and marketing in rural areas, where concentrated populations keberdayaannya meager. For that, there should be special programs for the poor helpless, because public programs for all, not always able to touch the layers of this community. Empowerment not only includes the strengthening of individual members of society, but also institution-pranatanya. Instilling the values ​​of modern culture such as hard work, thrift, transparency, and accountability is an essential part of this empowerment. Similarly, reform of social institutions and integrate into development activities and the role of community in it.
It is important here is to increase popular participation in decision making processes concerning self and society. Therefore, community empowerment is very closely related to the establishment, cultivation and practice of democracy. Friedman (1992) states "The empowerment approach, the which is fundamental to an alternative development, places the emphasis on autonomy in the decision-marking of territorially organized communities, local self-reliance (but not autarchy), direct (participatory) democracy, and social experiential learning ". Thirdly, contain well meaning empower protect. Oalam process of empowerment, have prevented the weak becomes increasingly weak, because in the face of strong unempowering. Therefore, protection and siding with the weak nature of fundamental importance in the concept of community empowerment. Protect not mean isolating or covering of the interaction, because it will only stunt  small and weak. Protect should be viewed as an effort to prevent an unbalanced competition, and exploitation of the strong over the weak.
Community empowerment is not making people increasingly dependent on a variety of programs giving (charity). Because, basically what every enjoyed, must be produced on one's own (which results can be exchanged with other parties). Thus, the goal eventually is empowering society, enable and build capacity to advance themselves toward a better life is continuous.

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